| Abstract | Poklade predstavljaju narodni običaj koji u svakodnevicu uvodi određeni nered. To su preokreti dobra i zla, duhovnoga i tjelesnoga, realnoga i magijskoga, religijskoga i poganskoga. Poklade u Hrvatskoj predstavljaju razdoblje između zime i proljeća. Ovdje se vrlo često događaji vežu uz kršćanske svetkovine, pa se tako veže i početak, ali i kraj pokladnih običaja. Ipak, ne postoji određen početak običaja, oni ovise o dijelu Hrvatske u kojem se odvijaju, baš kao što o tome ovise i likovi pokladnih običaja te sami pokladni običaji. U Hrvatskoj su od valoriziranih pokladnih običaja najpoznatiji zvončari s područja Kastavštine te buše iz Baranje. Navedena dva pokladna običaja zapravo su slična i vezana uz slične legende. Kada je riječ o nevaloriziranim pokladnim običajima, njih je zaista mnogo te oni, koliko bili različiti, toliko su u određenim segmentima slični. Primjerice, gotovo svugdje se pojavljuju did, seljaci, pijanci, mornari, ciganka, udovica, trudnica, kum i kuma i običaji vezani uz navedene. Dakako, neophodno je spomenuti i karnevale, od kojih su najpoznatiji Riječki karneval, Samoborski fašnik te Senjski ljetni karneval. |
| Abstract (english) | Carnivals are a folk custom that introduce a certain chaos into everyday life. They are a contrast of good and evil, spiritual and physical, real and magical, religious and pagan. Carnivals in Croatia represent the period between winter and spring. Here, the events are often associated with Christian festivals, so the beginning and the end of carnival customs are connected. However, there is no definite beginning of customs as they are tied to the part of Croatia in which they take place, and so are the characters of carnival customs and the carnival customs themselves. In Croatia, the most famous of the valorized carnival customs are bell ringers from the Kastav region, and bushes from Baranja. These two carnival customs are quite similar and related to similar legends. When it comes to unvalorized carnival customs, there are a great number of them, and they, as different as they are, are much the same in certain segments. For example, did, peasants, drunkards, sailors, gypsies, widows, pregnant women and godparents. Customs related to the appear almost everywhere. Of course, it is necessary to mention the carnivals, the most famous of which are the Rijeka Carnival, the Samobor Carnival and the Senj Summer Carnival. |
