Amputation of the lower extremities is a serious medical procedure, often performed due to a complication of chronic diseases such as diabetes and peripheral vascular diseases, as well as trauma and malignancy. Amputation significantly affects the physical, emotional and social functioning of patients and therefore adequate rehabilitation plays important role in post-amputation quality of life. The aim of this research was to examine the impact of the rehabilitation process on the quality of life of patients after lower limb amputation. Using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, four main domains of quality of life were analysed: physical health, psychological health, social interactions and environmental factors. In addition, patient demographic data such as gender, age, presence of comorbidities, cause of amputation and use of prostheses were collected. Nurses played a key role in the rehabilitation process, not only by providing basic health care, but also by providing emotional support and educating patients about the use of prostheses. Their role in postoperative care and rehabilitation significantly contributes to reducing the feeling of dependence, improving self-confidence and integrating patients into everyday life. Nurses also help patients to deal with the phantom pain and psychosocial challenges that are common after amputation.