Communist system in Europe slowly began to desintegrate in the late eighties. In multinational socialist Yugoslavia, the economic crisis preceded the desintegration of the communist structure turning then into a political one. Serbia tried to achieve its dominance through the centralist conception of Yugoslavia while Croatia and Slovenia advocated confederal model. Failing in attempts to achieve its conception through institutions, Serbia began a war of conquest in order to create Great Serbia. The war was imposed to Croatia by the rebellion of the Serbs during 1991, a war that will last until 1995, respectively until 1998 and the peaceful reintegration of the Croatian Danube region. Beside the city of Zagreb, Istria was the most developed part of the socialist Croatia in the late eighties. Serbia planned to create an autonomous province there under the direction of Military and Maritime sector of Pula and the 13th Military Corp of Rijeka. There were three garrisons of the Federal Army (JNA) in Istria at the beginning of the nineties with particulary strong one in Pula (6 - 8 thousand soldiers, a large number of military aircrafts and ships including tons of ammunition). Openly aligned on the Serbian side, Federal Army has become a potential danger for Pula and Istria as well. Due to the strenght of the Federal Army, Pula became the symbolic representative of Istria in the Homelad War. Crisis Committee was founded in Pula in order to Federal Army peacefully leaves the city not taking the weapons of the Territorial Defense with it. With the constant threat of destruction of Pula by the commander of the garrison Dušan Rakić, occasional exchanges of fire and passing in terms of how to treat the Federal Army, it finally retreated from Pula without casualties in the middle of December of 1991, taking tons of ammunition with it. Eventually, the enemy aircrafts continued to fly over Istria having bombed the airport in Vrsar in December of 1991. After the peace agreement between Croatia and Yugoslavia was signed in Sarajevo at the beginning of 1992, the potential peril for Istria has gone. Following years after the departure of the Federal Army from Istria were characterized by a decline in living standard and tourist traffic, the main economic branch in Istria. The economic sector experienced major changes in the proces of turning the social into private ownership. Istria has accepted a large number of refugees and displaced persons from Croatia and Bosnia and Hercegowina, who are mostly located in hotel resorts all over the peninsula. Two Istrian brigades, the 119th and the 154th, as well as other military units actively participated in the Homeland War mainly fighting on the Lika battlefield. Croatian Democratic Union (Hrvatska demokratska zajednica or HDZ), the main party on the national level was overcame by Istrian Democratic Assembly (Istarski demokratski sabor or IDS) in Istria. IDS publicly profiled as the holder of particularism and regionalism. Istria has contributed the Homeland War by accepting refugees and displaced persons as well as the mobilization of the troops. The response to mobilization was more of 90%, one of the highest in Croatia. By peacefully departure of the Federal Army from Istria the opening of a new war front has been prevented as well as civil and material resources have been preserved.