Title Varaždin tijekom Prvog svjetskog rata Title (english) Varaždin during First World War Author Ivan Brezić Mentor Iva Milovan Delić (mentor)Committee member Slaven Bertoša (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Iva Milovan Delić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Mihovil Dabo (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Pula Defense date and country 2018-07-12, Croatia Scientific / art field, HUMANISTIC SCIENCES Abstract Početkom 20. st. grad Varaždin imao je 13 329 stanovnika i bio sjedište Varaždinske županije koja je brojila 296 838 stanovnika. Događaji koji su uslijedili nakon ubojstva nadvojvode Franje Ferdinanda promijenili su politički, gospodarski, društveni i kulturni život grada i njegovih stanovnika. Varaždinski župan tada je bio Stjepan Belošević, a načelnik je, nakon dugih borbi koaliraca i pravaša postao Pero Magdić. Do početka Prvog svjetskog rata poglavarstvo se bavilo standardnim poslovima, a situacija se temeljito promijenila nakon vijesti o sarajevskom atentatu. Aktivnost poglavarstva na početku rata bila je usmjerena prema mobilizaciji, dok se u sljedećim ratnim godinama pojavio problem izvršavanja financijskih obaveza. Početkom 20. stoljeća stanovnici Varaždinske županije u velikoj su mjeri živjeli od poljoprivrede. Gospodarstvo grada bilo je daleko od idealnog, a rat je donio nove probleme. Ratno vrijeme u Varaždinu označili su rast cijena i oskudica živežnih namirnica o čemu su građanstvo obavještavali brojni oglasi, plakati i proglasi. Gradsko je poglavarstvo tijekom rata pokušalo svim mogućim sredstvima ublažiti novonastalu situaciju i olakšati život ljudi, no nailazilo je na brojne nedaće, prije svega u financijskom pogledu. Kulturni i umjetnički život ljudi u gradu bio je ovisan o političkim i gospodarskim prilikama i razvijao se kao reakcija na suvremene prilike. Tijekom Prvog svjetskog rata veliki broj događanja u kulturnom i umjetničkom životu grada Varaždina bio je humanitarnog karaktera, a veliki dio prihoda od koncerata i predstava odlazio je onima koji su bili najviše pogođeni njime. Najvažniji događaj za kulturni život Varaždina bilo je osnivanje stalnog varaždinskog kazališta 1915. godine, u kojem su tijekom cijelog rata održavane brojne predstave i različita događanja, poglavito humanitarnog karaktera. Stanovništvo Varaždinske županije aktivno je sudjelovalo u ratnim događanjima, iako se rat nikada nije vodio na području Županije. Velik broj stanovništva bio je mobiliziran ili se dobrovoljno uključio u vojne redove, a svoju ulogu imali su i ljudi koji su brinuli o mnogobrojnim ranjenicima ili skupljali različite oblike pomoći. Varaždinski su vojnici na ratištima aktivno sudjelovali u nekoliko postrojba, a najviše se istaknula 16. varaždinska pješačka pukovnija, koja je sudjelovala u najvećim pobjedama, ali i porazima austro-ugarske vojske na balkanskom i istočnom bojištu.
Abstract (english) At the beginning of the 20th century, Varaždin had 13.329 inhabitants and was the centre of the Varaždin County which consisted of 296.838 people. The events that followed the murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand changed the political, economic, social and cultural life of the city and its inhabitants. The then župan was Stjepan Belošević and Pero Magdić became chief after long struggles between supporters of the coalition and members of the Party of Rights. Until the beginning of the First World War, the authorities were dealing with usual stuff, however the situation changed sharply after the news of the Sarajevo assassination. The efforts were then directed towards mobilization, while in the following years the problem of financial obligations arose. The inhabitants of the Varaždin County worked largely in the agricultural field at the beginning of the 20th century. The city's economy was far from ideal and the war brought new problems. The state of war was marked by the rise in prices and the lack of food products which the citizens were aware of due to numerous advertisements, posters and proclamations. During the war, the authorities tried to alleviate the situation and ease the lives of people, but faced many difficulties, primarily in financial terms. The cultural and artistic life in the city was dependent on political and economic circumstances and developed as a reaction to them. During the First World War, a large number of events in the cultural and artistic life of Varaždin was of humanitarian character, and most income from concerts and play went to those who needed it. The most important event for the cultural life of Varaždin was the foundation of permanent Varaždin Theatre in 1915 where numerous plays and various events of humanitarian character were held throughout the war. Even though there were no hostilities in the Varaždin County, the population was actively involved in the war. Many people were either mobilized or voluntarily joined military units and there were those who cared for wounded soldiers or collected various forms of help. The Varaždin soldiers were present in several military units, the most notable of which was the 16th Varaždin Infantry Regiment which took part in the biggest victories and defeats of the Austro-Hungarian army on the Balkan and Eastern fronts.
Keywords
Varaždin
Prvi svjetski rat
bolnice
Keywords (english)
Varaždin
World War I.
hospital
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:137:479151 Study programme Title: History Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2018-07-23 06:46:20
