Shinto is an indigenous Japanese religion that has a tradition based on the belief in kami, divinities that inhabit the Earth along with humans. The main idea of Shinto is respect for nature, something that is presented as being in common to all Japanese people. In this paper, the themes being researched are the phenomenon of nihonjinron, the relationship between Shinto beliefs and the treatment of nature and the way Shinto is relevant in the 21st century through participation in solving the environmental problems. The questions I aim to answer with this paper and by analyzing the relevant literature are 'is it correct to speak of a unique native Japanese religion and Japanese mentality, is it correct to consider the notion of nihonjinron, can we speak of Shinto without considering the problems of modern society and politics, and what is the influence of the said religion on environmental protection and on solving the environmental problems Japan faces and how can other countries and societies implement these solutions, regardless of religion.' Through analysis of relevant literature, the conclusion is that Shinto indeed is a Japanese religion, but also that historical context and changes, as well as the influence of Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism, should not be ignored. Still, Shinto is going through the process of modernization and is becoming relevant in the 21st century by focusing on environmental protection. Also, the critical approach and awareness of the adjective “Japanese” are crucial to avoiding generalization and idealization.