After the First World War, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was established, and the broader global context strongly influenced the future actions of both this country’s communist party and their direct political opponents. The country’s newly established communist movement, impacted by the October Revolution and revolutionary anti-capitalist politics, chose to participate in elections for municipal committees and town councils in the first elections for the newly established Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. The communists’ electoral participation formed a stark contrast to that of the bourgeois and social democratic parties. Changes in the voting regulations enabled a much wider cross-section of the population to participate, and the elections occurred under tense Yugoslav political conditions, with large-scale social problems and conflicts. The Socialist Workers’ Party of Yugoslavia (Communists) good results surprised the regime, and so it soon enacted more repressive measures against communists, which generally prevented the elected communist leaders from completing their work in municipal committees and town councils.