| Abstract | Svijest je kompletno psihičko iskustvo koje uključuje spoznaju o vlastitom postojanju i okruženju ili kao ukupno psihičko doživljavanje i raspoloživost psihičkih sadržaja u određenom trenutku. U kliničkim uvjetima svijest podrazumijeva sposobnost pojedinca da adekvatno odgovara na podražaje. Postoje brojni uzroci poremećaja svijesti, među njima je i moždani udar. Cilj rada je bio retrospektivno analizirati podatke iz BIS-a o vrsti moždanog udara kod bolesnika hospitaliziranih na odjelu neurologije u razdoblju od 01.11.2022. do 31.03.2023., prisustvu rizičnih čimbenika i komorbiditeta, stanju svijesti bolesnika kod prijema i otpusta prema dobnoj i spolnoj distribuciji. Za obradu podataka korišten je statistički programIBM SPSS Statistics 27. Korištene su metode deskriptivne statistike (frekvencije odgovora, aritmetičke sredine/prosječne vrijednosti i standardne devijacije, minimum i maksimum), dok je za provjeru normalnosti distribucije rezultata korišten Kolomogorov-Smirnov test, te kao dodatna provjera koristile su se vrijednosti Skeweness i Kurtosis. Sukladno dobivenim rezultatima na testovima normalnosti distribucije rezultata (p<.001), s ciljem provjere svih postavljenih hipoteza korištene su metode neparametrijske statistike. Prilikom prijema i otpusta iz bolnice bolesnice imaju statistički značajnu nižu razinu svijesti od bolesnika muškog roda. Bolesnici niže životne dobi imaju višu razinu svijesti i po prijemu i po otpustu u odnosu na bolesnike starije životne dobi. Prisutnost manjeg ili većeg broja dijagnoza u komorbiditetu ne utječe na stanje svijesti bolesnika ni po prijemu ni po otpustu iz bolnice. Prilikom prijema ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u razini svijesti kod bolesnika s obzirom na vrstu moždanog udara. S druge strane, ako se usmjerimo na rezultate prilikom otpusta bolesnika, prisutne su značajne razlike i to u smjeru u kojem je i pretpostavljeno – bolesnici s dijagnozom ishemijskog moždanog udara po otpustu iz bolnice imaju višu razinu svijesti od bolesnika s dijagnozom hemoragijskog moždanog udara. MS/T je dio tima koji skrbi za bolesnike s moždanim udarom. Procjena stanja svijesti provodi se svakodnevno najmanje jednom, a po potrebi i više puta. Bolesnici s nižom razinom svijesti zahtijevaju više sati zdravstvene njege i skrbi. Proces zdravstvene njege bolesnika sa moždanim udarom kompetencija je MS/T, kompleksan je i zahtijeva usvojeno kliničko znanje, vještine i provođenje standardiziranih postupaka i intervencija. |
| Abstract (english) | Consciousness is a complete psychological experience that includes awareness of one's own existence and environment, or as a total psychological experience and the availability of psychological contents at a certain moment. In clinical settings, consciousness implies the individual's ability to respond adequately to stimuli. There are numerous causes of impaired consciousness, among them is a stroke. The aim of the work was to retrospectively analyze data from the BIS on the type of stroke in patients hospitalized in the neurology department in the period from November 1, 2022. until March 31, 2023, the presence of risk factors and comorbidities, the patient's state of consciousness at admission and discharge according to age and gender distribution. The statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics 27 was used for data processing. Descriptive statistics methods were used (response frequencies, arithmetic means/average values and standard deviations, minimum and maximum), while the Kolomogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the distribution results, and as an additional the Skeweness and Kurtosis values were used to check. In accordance with the results obtained on the tests of the normality of the distribution of results (p<.001), non-parametric statistics methods were used with the aim of verifying all the hypotheses. During admission and discharge from the hospital, female patients have a statistically significant lower level of consciousness than male patients. Younger patients have a higher level of awareness both upon admission and upon discharge compared to older patients. The presence of a smaller or larger number of diagnoses in comorbidity does not affect the patient's state of consciousness either upon admission or upon discharge from the hospital. At the time of admission, there is no statistically significant difference in the patient's level of consciousness with regard to the type of stroke. On the other hand, if we focus on the results when the patient is discharged, there are significant differences in the direction in which it was assumed - patients with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke upon discharge from the hospital have a higher level of consciousness than patients with a diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke. MS/T is part of the stroke care team. The assessment of the state of consciousness is carried out at least once every day, and more often if necessary. Patients with a lower level of consciousness require more hours of health care and care. The process of health care for stroke patients is an MS/T competency, it is complex and requires acquired clinical knowledge, skills and implementation of standardized procedures and interventions. |
