This graduation thesis, entitled "Tax aspects of real estate business", deals with key topics related to real estate taxation in the Republic of Croatia. The emphasis is on the real estate tax, the existing ones, and the new one proposed by the Government of the Republic of Croatia. The paper analyzes the impact of the real estate tax, its implications on the real estate market itself, and the decisions of individuals, natural persons, and legal entities as participants in the real estate market. The question of what are the fiscal effects of the tax and what is its impact on social justice is also addressed in this paper. The aim of this work is to provide an analytical and theoretical overview of the real estate taxation system in the Republic of Croatia, relying on the example of EU countries that have already introduced it. In order to achieve the same, the work also clarified the classification of real estate, real estate transactions, and taxes applied to real estate transactions. At the end of the work, an empirical study was conducted on a sample of 112 people from the area of Istarka County. The results of this research indicate that the respondents who took part in the survey believe that the introduction of a new tax on real estate, which is currently in the proposal of the Government of the Republic of Croatia, would have an impact on the availability of real estate for young people. Also, they are of the opinion that the tax should be applicable, i.e. owners who have more properties should be taxed. Literature and legal sources that are relevant to the topic of the paper were used to prepare the paper.