Gestational diabetes characterizes a condition of a pregnant woman that is not permanent, and is defined as a condition of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. It is a form of diabetes that occurs only during pregnancy, most often in the second trimester. Nowadays, about 3% of pregnant women have gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes can lead to various complications for a pregnant woman and her child. Risk factors for the development of GMA are the older age of the pregnant woman, obesity, and the alarming risk is the presence of type 2 diabetes in pregnant mothers. The first pregnancy check-up assesses the risk for GDM double OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test), taking a drink of 75 grams of glucose in 250ml of water. The first symptoms of hyperglycemia are polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss for no reason, the appearance of macrosomia or polyhydramnios when diagnosed by ultrasound. Macrosomia is usually the first sign of diabetes in the mother. The weight that a macrosomal newborn can reach if diabetes is not adequately treated is more than 4,000 g. Complications that can occur in a diabetic pregnant woman are maternal, fetal, and neonatal, indicating high-risk pregnancy and childbirth. Diet is the basis of the treatment ofgestational diabetes. The best recommendation is the Mediterranean diet because it consists of food with a low glycemic index. The main goal of a diabetic pregnant woman's diet is a balanced diet. Properly divided meals maintain a state of euglycemia without the onset of a period of hypoglycemia. Physical activity should possess practical, simple exercises with a moderate degree of load about 3-5 times a week for half an hour to an hour. The goal of GDM treatment would be to normalize blood sugar, prevent ketoacidosis, adequately increase or decrease body weight, and eliminate fetal risks such as macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, cesarean delivery, and neonatal hypoglycemia. The four components for the treatment of gestational diabetes are: glycemic control and diet, physical activity, various educations, and insulin therapy.