One of the most important human qualities for successfully overcoming life's challenges is independence. The development of independence begins at an early age, actually at birth, and numerous life roles depend on high-quality independence: from meeting primary life needs, through emotional and social skills to achieving a position in the family, environment and society. In order to gain insight into the development of preschool children, the first part of the paper will describe the psychological aspects of developmental areas and the characteristics of children's independence in relation to developmental periods. In the second part of the paper, the importance of the child's strength and freedom, which are crucial for the child's self-confidence, will be presented. It is extremely important in order for the child to gain self-confidence and thereby become independent and independent. Also, the entire development of the child's independence will be shown. The third part of the paper will point out the importance and ways of encouraging children of early and preschool age, primarily in the family, and then also through nurseries and kindergartens, that is, educational institutions. The importance of independent play, which plays a major role in the development of independence, will also be described, as well as the encouragement of independence through Maria Montessori's educational methods. At the end, there will be presentations on the importance and role of parents and educators in the development of the independence of early and preschool children.