The subject of the final paper is the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. These are diseases involving the heart or blood vessels, the root cause of which is atherosclerosis. Various factors lead to the development of cardiovascular diseases, and some of them can be influenced by changing lifestyle habits. Factors that can be influenced are elevated blood cholesterol levels, arterial hypertension, smoking, obesity, insufficient physical activity, improper diet, diabetes, excessive alcohol consumption, and psychosocial factors. The most important guidelines aimed at preventing cardiovascular diseases prescribe smoking cessation, 30 minutes of daily exercise or a three kilometer walk, consuming five portions of fruit and vegetables daily, maintaining body weight, preventing diabetes and maintaining systolic arterial pressure below 140 mmHg, total blood cholesterol below 5.0 mmol/L, and LDL cholesterol lower than 3.0 mmol/L. A nurse/medical technician also participates in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, that is, in the education of people at risk of developing these diseases and in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.