The unenviable position of Croatia on the Modern Period map of Europe brings forth plenty of interesting events and conflicts with the Ottoman Empire. As a region, Dalmatia achieves full contact in conflicts with the Venetians on the sea and the Ottoman Empire on land, both showing aspirations not only over the Croatian territory, but also the wider area. Croatian nobilities stand in the Ottomans' way and slow down their further penetration thus protecting Christian Europe. Castles are built to repulse enemy forces and offer protection to people living in attacked Dalmatian areas. Due to a large number of castles, fortresses, and fortifications found in Dalmatia, this paper mentions only a smaller number of them which have their specificities, namely: Klis Fortress, Petar Hektorović Tvrdalj Castle, Ston Walls, St. Nicholas Fortress, Grad Fortress, Kličevica Fortress, Knin Fortress and Kaštela.