This work points out the fact that folk fairy tales are not easy to define. The structure of a fairy tale is more complicated than it seems. There are differences between a folk fairy tale and a myth, a story and oral tradition. Croatian folk fairy tale specificities can be found in their shortness, miserliness in area and character descriptions, their timelessness and anonymity. Every nation has its specific motifs which had been transferred and adjusted to the people and environment where these people had lived. This is visible in Croatian folk fairy tales as well. The meaning of folk fairy tales is visible in their importance for cognitive and intellectual, apropos psychological children's development. Except its therapeutic importance, fairy tale has its artistic value in showing the reflection of reality combined with supernatural and magical. On one hand, Croatian folk fairy tale is poor and stiff but on the other hand, it is full of imagination and specificities not only in motifs, characters but also in speech of the place it comes from. Croatian folk fairy tale characters are typical for Slavic people, except supernatural beings. But, the specificity of Croatian folk fairy tale in relation to other Slavic people considers its non-connectivity with Slavic mythology. Croatian folk fairy tale characters are categorized by their belonging roles. There are not only comparisons between Croatian and popular folk fairy tales given in this work but also lessons about family, religious and national values found in Croatian folk fairy tales. These lessons are even nowadays applicable.