The topic of this master thesis is environmental policy in the European Union. The paper first deals with the environmental policy, how it originated and developed, and the instruments used in policy implementation. Environmental protection policy has also been addressed at the international level, with the basic goals and principles presented. The main part of the paper deals with the European Union's environmental policy, the way it was created and how it has developed throughout history. Not only the goals and principles of the policy are presented, but also the way in which the environmental policy is implemented in the European Union and how the implementation is monitored. This section also presents the institutions of the European Union which are responsible for policy making and implementation. Action programs as an importan part of the environmental protection policy were also discussed, especiallly The eight action program, which ic currently in force. In order to address the current situation, the basic characterisics of pollution are given and then the analysis of the situation for each of certain types of pollution is presented through statistical dana. The paper presents the theory and key data needed to understand environmental policy and its very functioning in the European Union.