This paper presents both aspects of the Book of the South, anthropological and historiographical. Events, people with all their causes and effects relationships, and outcomes are presented. How it has affected the people themselves, their quality of life, tradition, customs and complete cultural heritage. The starting point is the idea that nowadays, it is impossible to distinguish anthropology from historiography and that they should be studied together. All components must be included for the image to be complete. The phrase that history is written by the victors runs through history. Anthropology is there to witness the stories of all the actors of the event and finally to see the impact on the daily individual lives. Throughout the book, author keeps portraying the scenery of abandoned houses, villages, factories and such, as throughout the history, people have kept abandoning the old and creating new living environments. The emphasis is on history repeating itself, time and time again, and that something has to be changed in order for us to not experience the same destiny our ancestors did. The Mediterranean is promoted on ancient values, and it seems to remain so - old and abandoned.