In the early 20th century, a new branch of medicine called otorhinolaryngology emerged as a result of the integration of otology, rhinology, and laryngology. Today, ENT is predominantly a surgical specialty that deals with disorders of the ear, throat, nose, skull base, head, and neck. In children, postoperative issues are often related to changes in behavior, sleep problems, swallowing, and breathing difficulties. Preoperative assessment of a child's health is an essential part of surgical planning when the patient undergoes anesthesia. Some of the most common elective procedures in otorhinolaryngology include mastoidectomy, myringotomy, tympanoplasty, adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, and elective tracheotomy. The most common conditions that require urgent intervention are airway obstruction, epistaxis and facial bone fractures. When preparing a child for surgery, it is important to consider their age and ensure good collaboration with the parents. The pediatric airway is not simply a smaller version of the adult airway. Although there are no anesthesia machines used exclusively for children, they should have specific characteristics. Laryngoscopy is a procedure used to examine the condition of the larynx and vocal cords using a laryngoscope. Intubation is the process of inserting a tube into the airway to ensure adequate ventilation of the patient. Preparing for anesthesia induction involves checking the equipment and supplies required for anesthesia. During the maintenance of anesthesia, the anesthesiologist is responsible for ensuring optimal conditions for the surgical procedure. Awakening from anesthesia is a crucial phase and depends on many factors. A child who has undergone general anesthesia is observed in the recovery room until fully awake and conscious. It is important to monitor fluid intake and output before oral feeding. Postoperative care for newborns and premature infants involves placement in an incubator. Upon discharge, nurse prepares the parents to take care of the child at home.