| Abstract | Zdravstveni turizam jedan je od najstarijih oblika turizma posebnih interesa, koji je obilježio i početke modernog turizma u Hrvatskoj. Simbiozom prirodnih ljekovitih činitelja i turističke usluge stvara se jedinstveni turistički proizvod, koji je posljednjih godina sve popularniji, s obzirom na globalne trendove, sve veću potrebu za zdravijim životom, zdravom prehranom i kvalitetnijim životnim stilom što je potaknuto i pandemijom COVID-19. Zdravstvenim se turizmom nastoji unaprijediti fizičko, ali i psihičko stanje turista korištenjem prirodnih ljekovitih činitelja kao što su ljekovite termalne vode, ljekovito blato, klima, sunce i slično. Razvojem zdravstvenog turizma nastoji se odmaknuti od klasičnog modela masovnog sezonskog turizma, dok zdravstveni turizam može takvo stanje preokrenuti i osigurati održivi cjelogodišnji turizam. Osim Varaždinskih toplica koje su bile tema ovog rada, Hrvatska se može pohvaliti i s drugim kvalitetnim termama: to su Daruvarske toplice, Tuheljske toplice, Krapinske toplice, Stubičke toplice u kontinentalnom dijelu, dok se na Jadranu ističu Istarske toplice te klimatska lječilišta u Opatiji, Splitu ili Hvaru.
Varaždinske Toplice bile su još u antičko doba poznate kao vrhunsko lječilište, upravo zbog izvora sumporne vode. Poznato je da su Rimljani brinuli o svom tijelu i duhu, stoga ne čudi da su se toplice, a time i cijelo naselje oko njih, razvile upravo u to doba. Za razvoj Varaždinskih toplica odgovoran je i car Konstantin koji ih je obnovio nakon što su razorene u 3. stoljeću. Nakon Drugog svjetskog rata toplice se pretvaraju u zdravstvene ustanove odnosno sliče bolnicama, što se intenzivira nakon Domovinskog rata kad su Varaždinske toplice kategorizirane kao Specijalna bolnica za medicinsku rehabilitaciju i velikom su većinom pod nadzorom HZZO-a, što je onemogućavalo daljnji razvoj turizma. Zbog toga se planiraju potrebne investicije i grade dodatni sadržaji, bazeni, turistička i lječilišna infrastruktura, kako bi se osigurao potrebni daljnji razvoj zdravstvenog turizma. |
| Abstract (english) | Health tourism is one of the oldest types of special forms of tourism that has developed in the world, and it is considered the beginning of tourism for the Republic of Croatia. By combining natural healing aspects and tourist services, a unique tourist product is created, which has become increasingly popular in recent years due to the increasing need for a healthier life, a healthy diet and a better lifestyle, which has also been stimulated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Health tourism aims to improve the physical and psychological condition of tourists by using natural healing factors such as healing thermal waters, healing mud, climate, sun and similar factors. By developing health tourism, one tries to move away from classic seasonal tourism, which is actually the problem of Croatian tourism and which is based on the promotion of the sun, sea and beach, while health tourism can turn this situation around and ensure sustainable year-round tourism. In addition to the Varaždin spa, which was the focus of this work, Croatia can also boast about other spas that are not located in the Varaždin County. These are Daruvarske Toplice, Tuheljske Toplice, Krapinske Toplice, Stubičke Toplice on the continental part, while the Istrian spas and climatic spas in Opatija, Split or Hvar stand out on the Adriatic.
Varaždinske Toplice is one of the oldest settlements in our region, and it was recognized in ancient times because of the source of sulfur water on which the swimming pool was build. It is known that the Romans took care of their body and spirit, so it is not surprising that the spas, and thus the entire settlement around them, were created precisely during the reign of the Romans. In addition to the Romans, Emperor Constantine was also responsible for the development of Varaždin spas, who rebuilt them after they were destroyed in the 3rd century. However, after the Second World War, the spas were transformed into health institutions, that is, they resembled hospitals, which intensified after the Homeland War, when the Varaždin spas were categorized as a Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation and were largely under the supervision of the HZZO, which prevented the further development of tourism. For this reason, additional facilities, pools and buildings are being built to ensure the further development of health tourism. |
