Title Babilon Title (english) Babylon Author Gordana Cetina Mentor Klara Buršić-Matijašić (mentor)Committee member Robert Matijašić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Klara Buršić-Matijašić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Katarina Gerometta (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Pula Defense date and country 2016-09-23, Croatia Scientific / art field, HUMANISTIC SCIENCES Abstract Babilon je usprkos brojnim vladarima koji su njime vladali kroz povijest te ratovima uvijek bio oličenje veličanstvenosti. Grad se oblikovao na donjem toku rijeke Eufrat. To je bio najnapučeniji kraj na Zemlji; tome je doprinio i njegov povoljan geografski smještaj. Narodi koji su tamo živjeli pretvorili su ga u područje voćnjaka, livada, vrtova, kanala za navodnjavanje na kojima su kasnije nikli prvi gradovi. Razvijala se poljoprivreda, stočarstvo, ribolov, obrt i trgovina. Babilonski su gradovi bili nadaleko poznati po trgovini. Najvažnija gospodarska i politička središta bila su hramovi. Izvan grada nalazili su se radnici, poljoprivrednici i stočari nižeg sloja. U samom gradu su živjeli pisari, učitelji, umjetnici, državni službenici, trgovci i obrtnici. Hramovi, palače i kuće gradili su se od sušene gline. Grad je bio konstruiran u obliku četverokuta sa pravilnim ulicama i gradskim četvrtima. Ulice, gradska vrata i četvrti dobivali su imena po svojim vladarima. Vjera je bila osnova na kojoj se temeljila cjelokupna kultura Babilona. Bogovi su vladali nebom i svemu na Zemlji, a ljudi su stvoreni da im služe. Umjetnost je bila značajna za svaku kulturnu zajednicu. Umjetnost je bila točka gdje su se kristalizirale sve vrijednosti ljudi i prirode. Najznačajnije grane umjetnosti bile su kiparstvo i graditeljstvo. Književnost su sačinjavale himne, molitve, legende, epovi, lirske pjesme i mudre izreke. Pismo je u početku bilo slikovno da bi se kasnije razvilo u klinasto pismo. Babilonci su se jako dobro služili matematikom, astronomijom i astrologijom. Poznavali su planete i zviježđa i vjerovali kako mogu proreknuti budućnost. Danas Babilon počiva ispod pjeskovitih nanosa Eufrata dok je nekad vrvio životom, bogatstvom i ljepotom.
Abstract (english) Despite many rulers who have ruled through history, and wars, Babylon always remained the impersonation of magnificence.The city was formed on the low reaches of the river Euphrates. It was the most popolous place on Earth due to its favourable geographical position. The inhabitants have turned the area into orchards, meadows, gardens and channels where they later built towns. They developed the agriculture, livestock breeding, fishing, trade and commerce. Babylonian cities have widely been known by its trade.The most important economic and political centres were temples. Farmers and workers of the lower layer lived outside the city. In the city centre lived artists, writers, government officials, scribes, craftsmen and traders. Temples, palaces and houses were built of dried clay.The city was constructed in a rectangular shape with regular streets. Streets have been named by its rulers. Religion was the basis on which was based the hole culture of Babylon. The Gods ruled the heaven and with everything on Earth, and people were created to serve them. Art was important for every cultural community. Art was the point where all the values of people and nature were crystallized. The most important branches of art were sculpture and arhitecture. Literature included hymns, epics, lyrical songs, proverbs, prayer and legends. At the beggining the script started with the sumerian pictographs and developed into the cuneiform. The Babylonian used well mathematics, astronomy and astrology. They have also known very well everything about planets and stars and they believed that they can foretold the future.Today, Babylon lies beneath the Euphrate river, but onec it was teeamed with life, richess and beauty.
Keywords
Babilon
gradovi
hramovi
umjetnost
klinasto pismo
babilonska kula
Keywords (english)
Babylon
cities
temples
art
Cuneiform
Tower of Babylon
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:137:028391 Study programme Title: Culture and Tourism Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2016-09-28 09:41:22
